Murray Sidman

Murray Sidman (April 29, 1923 – May 18, 2019) was an American behavioral scientist, best known for ''Sidman Avoidance'', also called "free-operant avoidance", in which an organism learns to avoid an aversive stimulus by engaging in a targeted response in the absence of stimuli indicating whether the aversive stimulus is forthcoming. Sidman's explanation of free-operant avoidance is an alternative to the Miller-Mowrer two-process theory of avoidance. Provided by Wikipedia