Chumar

Chumar or Chumur () is a village located in south-eastern region of Ladakh, India and the centre of nomadic grazing. It is in Rupshu block, south of the Tso Moriri lake, on the bank of the Parang River (or ''Pare Chu''), close to Ladakh's border with Tibet. Since 2012, China has disputed the border region situated to the south and southeast of Chumur village within the Chumur sector. However, the Chumur village itself is undisputed and remains in India. Chinese refer to the disputed Chumur area as the Zhipuji. The disputed Chumar sector actually has two distinct disputed areas separated by a 5 km mutually-agreed settled boundary: Chumur-I (Chumur Northern Bulge, Chumur Topko Valley or Shinowu-Thankchungkire), encompassing entirely glaciated area from Thankchungkire to Mount Shinowu, later of which is the origin of the Chumur Topko stream within Indian claim disputed by China and the Pangle stream within undisputed Chinese area; and Chumur-II (Chumur Southern Bulge or Pare Chu Valley or Parang Chu Valley), encompassing the pastures from Point‑5318 to Point 30R (Indian military observation tower at  cliff face) such as the Tible-Mane and Nirale pastures along the Pare Chu River within Indian claimed and Indian administered area, China claim line is from Point‑5318 to Point‑4925 which will fold Indian administered Chumur Southern Bulge into China. Chumar village is west of Chumur Northern Bulge and north of Chumur Southern Bulge. The Indian border post at Chumur Peak in Chumur Southern Bulge, offering a view of disputed grazing lands, lies approximately 15-20 km to the south/southwest of Chumur village. In contrast, the Chinese post at Chepzi hamlet is situated 8-10 km south of Chumur village, directly opposite the Indian positions on Chumur Peak. Both Chumur village, nestled in a side valley along the Chumur Tokpo stream (a tributary of the Pare Chu river), and Chepzi are located along the course of the Pare Chu river.

Chumar is reachable from east (Hanle and Demchok), north/northwest (Tso Moriri, Karzok, Meroo, Ryul, and Leh), and west/southwest (Kiato, Kaza, Tabo, and Shimla) from the Meroo-Ryul-Hanle-Chumur-Karzok-Kiato road network (including the 125 km long Kiato-Karzok Road from Spiti Valley via Takling La Tunnel). Provided by Wikipedia