Quasi-geostrophic theory of oceans and atmosphere

Large-scale winds and currents tend to balance Coriolis and pressure gradient forces. The time evolution of these winds and currents is the subject of the quasi-geostrophic theory. Chapter 1 presents concepts and equations of classical inertial fluid mechanics. Chapter 2 deals with the equations of...

תיאור מלא

מידע ביבליוגרפי
מחבר ראשי: Cavallini, Fabio
מחברים אחרים: Crisciani, Fulvio
פורמט: Printed Book
יצא לאור: Dordrecht ; New York : Springer, c2013.
סדרה:Atmospheric and oceanographic sciences library,
נושאים:
Geophysics
Fluid mechanics.
Oceanography.
Atmospheric thermodynamics.
תוכן הענינים:
  • Machine generated contents note: pt. I Fundamentals
  • 1. Basic Continuum Mechanics
  • 1.1. Kinematics of Continua
  • 1.1.1. The Continuum Hypothesis and the Concept of Material Element
  • 1.1.2. Kinematics of Material Elements
  • 1.2. Dynamics of Fluids
  • 1.2.1. Momentum Equation
  • 1.2.2. Basic Concepts of Vorticity Dynamics
  • 1.2.3.A Look at Turbulence
  • 1.2.4. Appendix: Galilean Covariance of the Lagrangian Derivative
  • 2. Basic Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
  • 2.1. Constitutive Equations
  • 2.1.1. Equations of State
  • 2.1.2. Thermodynamic Equations of Dry Air and Seawater
  • 2.1.3.Compressibility and Incompressibility
  • 2.2. Internal Gravity Waves in Adiabatic and Frictionless Fluids
  • 2.2.1. Definition of the Model
  • 2.2.2. Evolution Equations for the Velocity, Pressure and Density Fields
  • 2.3. Rotating Flows
  • 2.3.1. Basic Parameters of the Earth and Local Cartesian Coordinate Systems
  • 2.3.2. Uniformly Rotating Coordinate Frames.
  • Contents note continued: 2.3.3. The Equations of Fluid Mechanics for Uniformly Rotating Systems
  • 2.3.4. Covariance of the Gradient Operator in Passing from an Inertial to a Rotating Frame of Reference
  • 2.3.5. Governing Equations of Long Gravity Waves
  • 2.3.6. Poincare and Kelvin Waves
  • 2.3.7. Vorticity and Potential Vorticity of a Uniformly Rotating Flow
  • 2.3.8. Appendix: Hydraulics and Earth's Rotation
  • 2.4. Large-Scale Flows
  • 2.4.1. Phenomenology of Large-Scale Circulation of Geophysical Flows
  • 2.4.2. Governing Equations of Large-Scale, Geophysical Flows
  • pt. II Applications
  • 3. Quasi-Geostrophic Single-Layer Models
  • 3.1. Shallow-Water Model
  • 3.1.1. The Quasi-Geostrophic, Shallow-Water Model
  • 3.1.2. Developments of the Shallow-Water Equations for Modelling Wind-Driven Ocean Circulation
  • 3.2. Homogeneous Model
  • 3.2.1. The Ekman Layers
  • 3.2.2. The Homogeneous Model of the Wind-Driven Oceanic Circulation
  • 3.2.3. Classical Solutions of the Homogeneous Model.
  • Contents note continued: 3.2.4. Basic Dynamics of the Atmospheric Ekman Layer
  • 4. Quasi-Geostrophic Two-Layer Model
  • 4.1. Basic QG Equations for the Two-Layer Model
  • 4.1.1. The Quasi-Geostrophic Two-Layer Model
  • 4.1.2. Frictional Interaction Between the Layers
  • 4.1.3. The Vorticity Equations of the Two-Layer Model
  • 4.1.4. Wave-Like Solution of the Model
  • 4.1.5. Behaviour of the Interface
  • 4.2. Energetics of the Two-Layer Model
  • 4.2.1. Energetics Associated to the Quasi-Geostrophic Two-Layer Model
  • 4.2.2. Available Potential Energy of a Two-Layer Fluid
  • 4.2.3. Integrated Energetics of the Two-Layer Model (4.65)---(4.66)
  • 5. Quasi-Geostrophic Models of Continuously Stratified Flows
  • 5.1. QG Continuously Stratified Flows in the Ocean
  • 5.1.1. The Quasi-Geostrophic Oceanic Mesoscale
  • 5.1.2. Quasi-Geostrophic Dynamics at the Oceanic Basin Scale
  • 5.1.3. The Effects of Bathymetry
  • 5.1.4. Forced and Wave-Like Circulation.
  • Contents note continued: 5.2. QG Continuously Stratified Flows in the Atmosphere
  • 5.2.1. Basic Synoptic-Scale Dynamics of the Atmosphere
  • 5.2.2. Thermally Forced Stationary Waves
  • 5.2.3. The Effects of Topography.

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