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Production potential of hybrid rice (oryza sativa L.) in lowland ecosystem
An investigation entitled “Production potential of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) in lowland ecosystem” was carried out at the Cropping Systems Research Centre, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, during the second crop season, 2011 (28 July to 25 November). The objectives of the study were to assess the...
| מחבר ראשי: | |
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| מחברים אחרים: | |
| פורמט: | Ph.D Thesis |
| שפה: | Undetermined |
| יצא לאור: |
Vellayani
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture
2012
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| LEADER | 06075nam a2200193Ia 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 003 | OSt | ||
| 005 | 20160220140515.0 | ||
| 008 | 140128s9999 xx 000 0 und d | ||
| 082 | |a 630 |b SNE/PR | ||
| 100 | |a Sneha S Mohan | ||
| 245 | |a Production potential of hybrid rice (oryza sativa L.) in lowland ecosystem | ||
| 260 | |a Vellayani |b Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture |c 2012 | ||
| 300 | |a 142 | ||
| 502 | |b MSc | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a An investigation entitled “Production potential of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) in lowland ecosystem” was carried out at the Cropping Systems Research Centre, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, during the second crop season, 2011 (28 July to 25 November). The objectives of the study were to assess the production potential of hybrid rice in lowland ecosystem, to quantify its nutritional requirement in relation to plant spacing and seedling density and to work out the economics of hybrid rice cultivation as against a conventional inbred. The performance of hybrid rice variety, KRH-2 was assessed in comparison with inbred, Jaya. The treatments comprised two spacings (S1 - 20cm x 10cm, S2 - 20cm x 15cm), two seedling densities (D1 - 1 seedling per hill, D2 - 2 seedlings per hill) and three nutrient levels (N1 - 90: 45: 45 kg NPK ha-1, N2 - 120: 60: 60 kg NPK ha-1, N3 - 150: 75: 75 kg NPK ha-1) and control Jaya raised as per the KAU package of practices. On the whole, there were (12 + 1) treatment combinations. The field experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Observations on growth attributes, yield and yield attributes and soil parameters were recorded as per the technical programme. Brief outline of the experimental results are presented below. Hybrid rice, KRH-2 recorded more plant height, tillers per hill and leaves per hill than Jaya. Nutrient levels had significant effect on plant height at panicle initiation and harvest stages. The tiller count per hill was maximum with N3 at the panicle initiation and harvest stages. Maximum number of leaves per hill was recorded at D2 and N3 at panicle initiation stage and by S2 and N3 at harvest stage. The interaction, s2d2n3 recorded the maximum number of leaves per hill. The nutrient level, N3 and the interactions s2d2 and s1n3 recorded the maximum leaf area index at all the growth stages. Rooting depth of hybrid rice was significantly higher at wider spacing (S2) during the panicle initiation and at D2 and N1 during the harvest stages. Total dry matter production (g hill-1) of hybrid rice was maximum at S2, D2 and N3 during the panicle initiation stage. Hybrid rice, KRH-2 recorded significantly more dry matter per hill than Jaya. The nutrient level, N3 and the interactions, s2d1 and s1n3 recorded the maximum number of productive tillers per hill. Panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle recorded at S1, D2, N3 and the interaction s2d1 were the highest. Sterility percentage was minimum at S2, D2, N3 and at s2d2, s2n3, d2n3 and s2d1n3. Thousand grain weight of hybrid rice was the highest at N3. Grain yield and straw yield of hybrid rice were significantly higher at D2 and N3. Among the different interactions, maximum grain yield was recorded in s2d1 and s1n3 and straw yield at s2d1n3. KRH-2 produced heavier and longer panicles with more number of spikelets than Jaya. However, the higher mean sterility percentage and lower mean test weight of KRH-2 made Jaya a better performer in terms of mean grain yield. The cooking properties and chemical properties of hybrid rice in comparison with Jaya, determined in terms of optimum cooking time, grain elongation ratio, volume expansion ratio, amylose and amylopectin contents failed to reveal any significant variation with different spacing, seedling density, nutrient level and their interactions. The organoleptic test revealed the best appearance and texture for KRH-2 at s2d1n1, colour at s2d1n3 and taste at s2d2n1 and s2d1n3. Hybrid rice, KRH-2 had a better flavour than Jaya, but became stickier upon cooking. The treatment N3, and the interactions d1n3 and s2d1n3 recorded significantly higher values for crude protein and total starch. KRH-2 recorded significantly lower amylose content than Jaya. The uptake of the major nutrients, N, P and K by hybrid rice was significantly higher at wider spacing (S2) and highest nutrient level (N3). Among the significant interactions N, P and K uptake were maximum at s2d1, P and K uptake at s2n3 and K uptake at d1n3. The treatment combination s2d1n3 recorded higher values for phosphorus and potassium uptake. Jaya accumulated more phosphorus in its dry matter than KRH-2. The nutrient status of the soil after the experiment showed significant higher values for available nitrogen and potassium at N3. Jaya maintained a higher available nitrogen status in the soil than KRH-2. The economic analysis revealed highest gross returns, net returns and B : C ratio for hybrid rice at wider spacing (20cm x 15cm), lower seedling density (1 seedling per hill) and highest nutrient level, N3 (150: 75: 75 kg NPK ha-1). The interaction s2d1 and d1n3 recorded highest B : C ratios of 2.35 and 2.31 repectively. The data on B : C ratio for hybrid rice, revealed significantly higher ratios for S2 (2.13), D1 (1.98), N3 (2.17) and s2d1 (2.35). The control Jaya recorded a higher mean B : C ratio (2.49) than hybrid rice, KRH-2 (1.90). The comparison made between the treatments including the control showed that raising hybrid rice, KRH-2 at s2d1n3 (20cm x 15cm + 1 seedling per hill + 150: 75: 75 kg NPK ha-1) fetched higher returns than Jaya raised as per the KAU POP. The result also indicated the possibility of reducing the seed rate required for hybrid rice, which could in turn increase the returns considerably, considering the high cost of the seed of hybrid rice. | |
| 700 | |a Shalini Pillai P (Guide) | ||
| 942 | |2 ddc |c TH | ||
| 999 | |c 28081 |d 28081 | ||
| 952 | |0 0 |1 0 |2 ddc |4 0 |6 630_000000000000000_SNEPR |7 0 |9 36085 |a KAUCLV |b KAUCLV |c THESES |d 2014-03-18 |o 630 SNE/PR |p 173142 |r 2014-03-18 |w 2014-03-18 |y TH | ||