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Soil-Plant-Shade Interaction on the Productivity of Kacholam
The effect of soil and atmospheric environment on productivity of ecotypes of Kacholam iKaempferia galanga L.) was investigated during the year 2001-2002 at the Agricultural research station, Mannuthy. The objective of the study was to assess the interaction effect of soil loosening and shade in...
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| 格式: | Ph.D Thesis |
| 語言: | Undetermined |
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Vellanikkara
Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture
2003
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|---|---|---|---|
| 003 | OSt | ||
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| 082 | |a 630 |b HAN/SO | ||
| 100 | |a Hani Gangadharan | ||
| 245 | |a Soil-Plant-Shade Interaction on the Productivity of Kacholam | ||
| 260 | |a Vellanikkara |b Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture |c 2003 | ||
| 502 | |b MSc | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a The effect of soil and atmospheric environment on productivity of ecotypes of Kacholam iKaempferia galanga L.) was investigated during the year 2001-2002 at the Agricultural research station, Mannuthy. The objective of the study was to assess the interaction effect of soil loosening and shade in the coconut intercropping system that finally influence development process and productivity of kacholam ecotypes and generate information on integration of the quantitative and qualitative components of production, which is vital in the cultivation of medicinal plants. The results showed that the level of shade imposed did not significantly affect the vegetative growth of Kaempferia galanga. However, it was observed that lower shade level promoted higher rhizome yield while increased shading intensity led to higher content of qualitative components in rhizomes. A study of the anatomy of the leaf revealed the possibility of kacholam being a C4 plant, which is of advantage in the stressed rainfed condition in which the crop is usually grown. The ecotype grown had a .pronounced effect on vegetative growth and nutrient uptake. The Vellanikkara and Echippara ecotypes produced more number of shoots and leaves while the Thodupuzha ecotype had greater foliage spread. Expanded leaf surface area in Kacholam is linked with weater rhizome yield, which is evident from the high rhizome yield in Thodupuzha. However ecotype Echippara and Vellanikkara with smaller leaves produced higher content of oleoresin and essential oil; thus more number of smaller leaves in medicinal plants can be linked to higher quality. Nutrient availability to plants was affected by shading and soil loosening treatments. With regards to N content of leaf and rhizome, shading had no effect, while contents of Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn in the leaf and rhizome were found to be increased by higher shade intensity. However, P and K contents were found to be higher when the level of light penetration was increased. Shallower loosening of soil i.e., up to lOcm resulted in higher contents of major nutrients while the contents of Fe and Mn were reduced as they were rendered unavailable. However, deep loosening to 20cm resulted in leaching of nutrients and ultimately produced lower yield. Low residual value obtained III path co-efficient analysis indicated that interrelation among elements was the predominant factor affecting quantitative and qualitative yields. N, P, K and Ca had high positive relation with rhizome yield while Mg, S, and micronutrient, viz; Mn and Zn were positively correlated with oleoresin and essential oil contents. The involvement of P and K in the initial growth and development of the crop and that of Mg and S in the formation of qualitative components call for the formulation of phasic nutritional management system in the crop. Top dressing of P and K at initial stages of growth, i.e, at }lh to 2 months after planting could improve vegetative growth and rhizome yield. Application of MgS04 at the stage of formation of rhizome, i.e 4 months after planting, would favour the development of qualitative components in the rhizome. The experimental results also show that the present level of application of farmyard manure, i.e., 20 tonnes per hectare is sufficient to meet the N requirement of the crop. | |
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